FED stands for the Federal Reserve System, which is the central banking system of the United States. The Fed is responsible for conducting monetary policy in the country, with the goal of promoting stable prices, maximum employment, and moderate long-term interest rates. It also supervises and regulates banks and other financial institutions to ensure the safety and soundness of the banking system. The Federal Reserve System is made up of twelve regional Federal Reserve Banks, a Board of Governors, and the Federal Open Market Committee (FOMC), which is responsible for setting monetary policy.